Infinispan 9.4 Server Guide

Each "Host" box in the above diagram represents a physical or virtual host. A physical host can contain zero, one or more server instances.

One Host Controller instance is configured to act as the central management point for the entire domain, i.e. to be the Domain Controller. The primary responsibility of the Domain Controller is to maintain the domain’s central management policy, to ensure all Host Controllers are aware of its current contents, and to assist the Host Controllers in ensuring any running Infinispan server instances are configured in accordance with this policy. This central management policy is stored by default in the domain/configuration/domain.xml file in the Infinispan Server installation on Domain Controller’s host’s filesystem.

A domain.xml file must be located in the domain/configuration directory of an installation that’s meant to run the Domain Controller. It does not need to be present in installations that are not meant to run a Domain Controller; i.e. those whose Host Controller is configured to contact a remote Domain Controller. The presence of a domain.xml file on such a server does no harm.

The domain.xml file includes, among other things, the configuration of the various "profiles" that Infinispan Server instances in the domain can be configured to run. A profile configuration includes the detailed configuration of the various subsystems that comprise that profile (e.g. Cache Containers and Caches, Endpoints, Security Realms, DataSources, etc). The domain configuration also includes the definition of groups of sockets that those subsystems may open. The domain configuration also includes the definition of "server groups".

A server group is set of server instances that will be managed and configured as one. In a managed domain each application server instance is a member of a server group. Even if the group only has a single server, the server is still a member of a group. It is the responsibility of the Domain Controller and the Host Controllers to ensure that all servers in a server group have a consistent configuration. They should all be configured with the same profile and they should have the same deployment content deployed. To keep things simple, ensure that all the nodes that you want to belong to an Infinispan cluster are configured as servers of one server group.

The domain can have multiple server groups, i.e. multiple Infinispan clusters. Different server groups can be configured with different profiles and deployments; for example in a domain with different Infinispan Server clusters providing different services. Different server groups can also run the same profile and have the same deployments.

An example server group definition is as follows:

A server-group configuration includes the following required attributes:

In addition, the following optional elements are available:

Each "Server" in the above diagram represents an actual Infinispan Server node. The server runs in a separate JVM process from the Host Controller. The Host Controller is responsible for launching that process. In a managed domain the end user cannot directly launch a server process from the command line.

The Host Controller synthesizes the server’s configuration by combining elements from the domain wide configuration (from domain.xml) and the host-specific configuration (from host.xml).

Access logs for Hot Rod and REST endpoints are disabled by default. To enable either logging category, set the level to TRACE in the server configuration file, as in the following example:

The default format for access logs is as follows:

%X{address} %X{user} [%d{dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss z}] "%X{method} %m %X{protocol}" %X{status} %X{requestSize} %X{responseSize} %X{duration}%n

The preceding format creates log entries such as the following:

127.0.0.1 - [30/Oct/2018:12:41:50 CET] "PUT /rest/default/key HTTP/1.1" 404 5 77 10

Logging properties use the %X{name} notation and let you modify the format of access logs. The following are the default logging properties:

The JGroups subsystem can be configured so that nodes need to authenticate each other when joining / merging. The authentication uses SASL and integrates with the security realms.

In the above example the nodes will use the DIGEST-MD5 mech to authenticate against the ClusterRealm. In order to join, nodes need to have the cluster role. If the cluster-role attribute is not specified it defaults to the name of the Infinispan cache-container, as described below. Each node identifies itself using the client_name property. If none is explicitly specified, the hostname on which the server is running will be used. This name can also be overridden by specifying the jboss.node.name system property. The client_password property contains the password of the node. It is recommended that this password be stored in the Vault. Refer to AS7: Utilising masked passwords via the vault for instructions on how to do so. When using the GSSAPI mech, client_name will be used as the name of a Kerberos-enabled login module defined within the security domain subsystem:

The Infinispan subsystem can declare multiple containers. A container is declared as follows:

Note that in server mode is the lack of an implicit default cache, but the ability to specify a named cache as the default.

If you need to declare clustered caches (distributed, replicated, invalidation), you also need to specify the <transport/> element which references an existing JGroups transport. This is not needed if you only intend to have local caches only.

Now you can declare your caches. Please be aware that only the caches declared in the configuration will be available to the endpoints and that attempting to access an undefined cache is an illegal operation. Contrast this with the default Infinispan library behaviour where obtaining an undefined cache will implicitly create one using the default settings. The following are example declarations for all four available types of caches:

To define a default expiration for entries in a cache, add the <expiration/> element as follows:

The possible attributes for the expiration element are:

To define an eviction strategy for a cache, add the <memory> element to your <*-cache />.

For more information about configuring the eviction strategy, see Eviction and Data Container in the User’s Guide.

To define the locking configuration for a cache, add the <locking/> element as follows:

The possible attributes for the locking element are:

Hot Rod clients can take advantage of transactional capabilities when performing cache operations. No other protocols that Infinispan supports offer transactional capabilities.

Loaders and stores can be defined in server mode in almost the same way as in embedded mode. See Persistence in the User Guide.

However, in server mode it is no longer necessary to define the <persistence>…​</persistence> tag. Instead, a store’s attributes are now defined on the store type element. For example, to configure the H2 database with a distributed cache in domain mode we define the "default" cache as follows in our domain.xml configuration:

Another important thing to note in this example, is that we use the "ExampleDS" datasource which is defined in the datasources subsystem in our domain.xml configuration as follows:

To define the state transfer configuration for a distributed or replicated cache, add the <state-transfer/> element as follows:

The possible attributes for the state-transfer element are:

The following connector declaration enables a HotRod server using the hotrod socket binding (declared within a <socket-binding-group /> element) and exposing the caches declared in the local container, using defaults for all other settings.

The connector will create a supporting topology cache with default settings. If you wish to tune these settings add the <topology-state-transfer /> child element to the connector as follows:

The Hot Rod connector can be further tuned with additional settings such as concurrency and buffering. See the protocol connector settings paragraph for additional details

Furthermore the HotRod connector can be secured using SSL. First you need to declare an SSL server identity within a security realm in the management section of the configuration file. The SSL server identity should specify the path to a keystore and its secret. Refer to the AS documentation on this. Next add the <security /> element to the HotRod connector as follows:

The following connector declaration enables a Memcached server using the memcached socket binding (declared within a <socket-binding-group /> element) and exposing the memcachedCache cache declared in the local container, using defaults for all other settings. Because of limitations in the Memcached protocol, only one cache can be exposed by a connector. If you wish to expose more than one cache, declare additional memcached-connectors on different socket-bindings.

The HotRod and Memcached protocol connectors support a number of tuning attributes in their declaration:

Use the Command-Line Interface (CLI) to start and stop Infinispan endpoint connectors.

Commands to start and stop endpoint connectors:

Clients exchange data with Infinispan through endpoints such as REST or Hot Rod.

Each endpoint uses a different protocol so that clients can read and write data in a suitable format. Because Infinispan can interoperate with multiple clients at the same time, it must convert data between client formats and the storage formats.

For more information, see Protocol Interoperability in the User Guide.

Infinispan provides two marshalling bridges for marshalling client/server requests using the Kryo and Protostuff libraries. To utilise either of these marshallers, you simply place the dependency of the marshaller you require in your client pom. Custom schemas for object marshalling must then be registered with the selected library using the library’s api on the client or by implementing a RegistryService for the given marshaller bridge. Examples of how to achieve this for both libraries are presented below:

Just like embedded mode, the server supports cache authorization using the same configuration, e.g.:

Infinispan Server security is built around the features provided by the underlying server realm and security domains. Security Realms are used by the server to provide authentication and authorization information for both the management and application interfaces.

Infinispan Server comes with an add-user.sh script (add-user.bat for Windows) to ease the process of adding new user/role mappings to the above property files. An example invocation for adding a user to the ApplicationRealm with an initial set of roles:

./bin/add-user.sh -a -u myuser -p "qwer1234!" -ro supervisor,reader,writer

It is also possible to authenticate/authorize against alternative sources, such as LDAP, JAAS, etc. Refer to the WildFly security realms guide on how to configure the Security Realms. Bear in mind that the choice of authentication mechanism you select for the protocols limits the type of authentication sources, since the credentials must be in a format supported by the algorithm itself (e.g. pre-digested passwords for the digest algorithm)

While the main purpose of SASL is to provide authentication, some mechanisms also support integrity and privacy protection, also known as Quality of Protection (or qop). During authentication negotiation, ciphers are exchanged between client and server, and they can be used to add checksums and encryption to all subsequent traffic. You can tune the required level of qop as follows:

You can further refine the way a mechanism is chosen by tuning the SASL policies. This will effectively include / exclude mechanisms based on whether they match the desired policies.

Each policy’s value is either "true" or "false". If a policy is absent, then the chosen mechanism need not have that characteristic (equivalent to setting the policy to "false"). One notable exception is the no-anonymous policy which, if absent, defaults to true, thus preventing anonymous connections.

The following configuration selects all available mechanisms, but effectively only enables GSSAPI, since it is the only one that respects all chosen policies:

If you want to use GSSAPI/Kerberos, setup and configuration differs. First we need to define a Kerberos login module using the security domain subsystem:

Next we need to modify the Hot Rod connector

The Multi-tenant router endpoint works as a facade for one or more REST/Hot Rod connectors. Its main purpose is to forward client requests into proper container.

In order to properly configure the routing, socket-binding attributes of other connectors must be disabled and additional attribute name must be used as shown below:

The next step is to add a new router-connector endpoint and configure how other containers will be accessed. Note that Hot Rod connectors require using TLS/SNI and REST connectors require using prefix in the URL:

With the following configuration, Hot Rod clients will access hotrod-1 connector when using SNI Host Name "hotrod-1". REST clients will need to use the following URL to access "rest-1" connector - https://<server_ip>:<server_port>/rest/rest-1.