Securing the environment and restricting access to clusters is of critical importance for any deployment that stores sensitive data. This guide provides information and security best practices to help you protect Infinispan caches against network intrusion and unauthorized access.
1. Infinispan Security
Infinispan provides security for components as well as data across different layers:
-
Within the core library to provide role-based access control (RBAC) to CacheManagers, Cache instances, and stored data.
-
Over remote protocols to authenticate client requests and encrypt network traffic.
-
Across nodes in clusters to authenticate new cluster members and encrypt the cluster transport.
The Infinispan core library uses standard Java security libraries such as JAAS, JSSE, JCA, JCE, and SASL to ease integration and improve compatibility with custom applications and container environments. For this reason, the Infinispan core library provides only interfaces and a set of basic implementations.
Infinispan servers support a wide range of security standards and mechanisms to readily integrate with enterprise-level security frameworks.
2. Security authorization with role-based access control
Role-based access control (RBAC) capabilities use different permissions levels to restrict user interactions with Infinispan.
|
For information on creating users and configuring authorization specific to remote or embedded caches, see: |
2.1. Infinispan user roles and permissions
Infinispan includes several roles that provide users with permissions to access caches and Infinispan resources.
| Role | Permissions | Description |
|---|---|---|
|
ALL |
Superuser with all permissions including control of the Cache Manager lifecycle. |
|
ALL_READ, ALL_WRITE, LISTEN, EXEC, MONITOR, CREATE |
Can create and delete Infinispan resources in addition to |
|
ALL_READ, ALL_WRITE, LISTEN, EXEC, MONITOR |
Has read and write access to Infinispan resources in addition to |
|
ALL_READ, MONITOR |
Has read access to Infinispan resources in addition to |
|
MONITOR |
Can view statistics via JMX and the |
2.1.1. Permissions
User roles are sets of permissions with different access levels.
Permission |
Function |
Description |
CONFIGURATION |
|
Defines new cache configurations. |
LISTEN |
|
Registers listeners against a Cache Manager. |
LIFECYCLE |
|
Stops the Cache Manager. |
CREATE |
|
Create and remove container resources such as caches, counters, schemas, and scripts. |
MONITOR |
|
Allows access to JMX statistics and the |
ALL |
- |
Includes all Cache Manager permissions. |
Permission |
Function |
Description |
READ |
|
Retrieves entries from a cache. |
WRITE |
|
Writes, replaces, removes, evicts data in a cache. |
EXEC |
|
Allows code execution against a cache. |
LISTEN |
|
Registers listeners against a cache. |
BULK_READ |
|
Executes bulk retrieve operations. |
BULK_WRITE |
|
Executes bulk write operations. |
LIFECYCLE |
|
Starts and stops a cache. |
ADMIN |
|
Allows access to underlying components and internal structures. |
MONITOR |
|
Allows access to JMX statistics and the |
ALL |
- |
Includes all cache permissions. |
ALL_READ |
- |
Combines the READ and BULK_READ permissions. |
ALL_WRITE |
- |
Combines the WRITE and BULK_WRITE permissions. |
2.1.2. Role and permission mappers
Infinispan implements users as a collection of principals.
Principals represent either an individual user identity, such as a username, or a group to which the users belong. Internally, these are implemented with the javax.security.auth.Subject class.
To enable authorization, the principals must be mapped to role names, which are then expanded into a set of permissions.
Infinispan includes the PrincipalRoleMapper API for associating security principals to roles, and the RolePermissionMapper API for associating roles with specific permissions.
Infinispan provides the following role and permission mapper implementations:
- Cluster role mapper
-
Stores principal to role mappings in the cluster registry.
- Cluster permission mapper
-
Stores role to permission mappings in the cluster registry. Allows you to dynamically modify user roles and permissions.
- Identity role mapper
-
Uses the principal name as the role name. The type or format of the principal name depends on the source. For example, in an LDAP directory the principal name could be a Distinguished Name (DN).
- Common name role mapper
-
Uses the Common Name (CN) as the role name. You can use this role mapper with an LDAP directory or with client certificates that contain Distinguished Names (DN); for example
cn=managers,ou=people,dc=example,dc=commaps to themanagersrole.
Mapping users to roles and permissions in Infinispan
Consider the following user retrieved from an LDAP server, as a collection of DNs:
CN=myapplication,OU=applications,DC=mycompany CN=dataprocessors,OU=groups,DC=mycompany CN=finance,OU=groups,DC=mycompany
Using the Common name role mapper, the user would be mapped to the following roles:
dataprocessors finance
Infinispan has the following role definitions:
dataprocessors: ALL_WRITE ALL_READ finance: LISTEN
The user would have the following permissions:
ALL_WRITE ALL_READ LISTEN
2.1.3. Configuring role mappers
Infinispan enables the cluster role mapper and cluster permission mapper by default. To use a different implementation for role mapping, you must configure the role mappers.
-
Open your Infinispan configuration for editing.
-
Declare the role mapper as part of the security authorization in the Cache Manager configuration.
-
Save the changes to your configuration.
With embedded caches you can programmatically configure role and permission mappers with the principalRoleMapper() and rolePermissionMapper() methods.
Role mapper configuration
<cache-container>
<security>
<authorization>
<common-name-role-mapper />
</authorization>
</security>
</cache-container>{
"infinispan" : {
"cache-container" : {
"security" : {
"authorization" : {
"common-name-role-mapper": {}
}
}
}
}
}infinispan:
cacheContainer:
security:
authorization:
commonNameRoleMapper: ~2.2. Configuring caches with security authorization
Add security authorization to caches to enforce role-based access control (RBAC). This requires Infinispan users to have a role with a sufficient level of permission to perform cache operations.
-
Create Infinispan users and either grant them with roles or assign them to groups.
-
Open your Infinispan configuration for editing.
-
Add a
securitysection to the configuration. -
Specify roles that users must have to perform cache operations with the
authorizationelement.You can implicitly add all roles defined in the Cache Manager or explicitly define a subset of roles.
-
Save the changes to your configuration.
Implicit role configuration
The following configuration implicitly adds every role defined in the Cache Manager:
<distributed-cache>
<security>
<authorization/>
</security>
</distributed-cache>{
"distributed-cache": {
"security": {
"authorization": {
"enabled": true
}
}
}
}distributedCache:
security:
authorization:
enabled: trueExplicit role configuration
The following configuration explicitly adds a subset of roles defined in the Cache Manager. In this case Infinispan denies cache operations for any users that do not have one of the configured roles.
<distributed-cache>
<security>
<authorization roles="admin supervisor"/>
</security>
</distributed-cache>{
"distributed-cache": {
"security": {
"authorization": {
"enabled": true,
"roles": ["admin","supervisor"]
}
}
}
}distributedCache:
security:
authorization:
enabled: true
roles: ["admin","supervisor"]3. Security realms
Security realms integrate Infinispan Server deployments with the network protocols and infrastructure in your environment that control access and verify user identities.
3.1. Creating security realms
Add security realms to Infinispan Server configuration to control access to deployments. You can add one or more security realm to your configuration.
|
When you add security realms to your configuration, Infinispan Server automatically enables the matching authentication mechanisms for the Hot Rod and REST endpoints. |
-
Add socket bindings to your Infinispan Server configuration as required.
-
Create keystores, or have a PEM file, to configure the security realm with TLS/SSL encryption.
Infinispan Server can also generate keystores at startup.
-
Provision the resources or services that the security realm configuration relies on.
For example, if you add a token realm, you need to provision OAuth services.
This procedure demonstrates how to configure multiple property realms.
Before you begin, you need to create properties files that add users and assign permissions with the Command Line Interface (CLI).
Use the user create commands as follows:
user create <username> -p <changeme> -g <role> \
--users-file=application-users.properties \
--groups-file=application-groups.properties
user create <username> -p <changeme> -g <role> \
--users-file=management-users.properties \
--groups-file=management-groups.properties|
Run |
|
Adding credentials to a properties realm with the CLI creates the user only on the server instance to which you are connected. You must manually synchronize credentials in a properties realm to each node in the cluster. |
-
Open your Infinispan Server configuration for editing.
-
Use the
security-realmselement in thesecurityconfiguration to contain create multiple security realms. -
Add a security realm with the
security-realmelement and give it a unique name with thenameattribute.To follow the example, create one security realm named
application-realmand another namedmanagement-realm. -
Provide the TLS/SSL identify for Infinispan Server with the
server-identitieselement and configure a keystore as required. -
Specify the type of security realm by adding one the following elements or fields:
-
properties-realm -
ldap-realm -
token-realm -
truststore-realm
-
-
Specify properties for the type of security realm you are configuring as appropriate.
To follow the example, specify the
*.propertiesfiles you created with the CLI using thepathattribute on theuser-propertiesandgroup-propertieselements or fields. -
If you add multiple different types of security realm to your configuration, include the
distributed-realmelement or field so that Infinispan Server uses the realms in combination with each other. -
Configure Infinispan Server endpoints to use the security realm with the with the
security-realmattribute. -
Save the changes to your configuration.
Multiple property realms
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="application-realm">
<properties-realm groups-attribute="Roles">
<user-properties path="application-users.properties"/>
<group-properties path="application-groups.properties"/>
</properties-realm>
</security-realm>
<security-realm name="management-realm">
<properties-realm groups-attribute="Roles">
<user-properties path="management-users.properties"/>
<group-properties path="management-groups.properties"/>
</properties-realm>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "management-realm",
"properties-realm": {
"groups-attribute": "Roles",
"user-properties": {
"digest-realm-name": "management-realm",
"path": "management-users.properties"
},
"group-properties": {
"path": "management-groups.properties"
}
}
}, {
"name": "application-realm",
"properties-realm": {
"groups-attribute": "Roles",
"user-properties": {
"digest-realm-name": "application-realm",
"path": "application-users.properties"
},
"group-properties": {
"path": "application-groups.properties"
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "management-realm"
propertiesRealm:
groupsAttribute: "Roles"
userProperties:
digestRealmName: "management-realm"
path: "management-users.properties"
groupProperties:
path: "management-groups.properties"
- name: "application-realm"
propertiesRealm:
groupsAttribute: "Roles"
userProperties:
digestRealmName: "application-realm"
path: "application-users.properties"
groupProperties:
path: "application-groups.properties"3.2. Setting up Kerberos identities
Add Kerberos identities to a security realm in your Infinispan Server configuration to use keytab files that contain service principal names and encrypted keys, derived from Kerberos passwords.
-
Have Kerberos service account principals.
|
keytab files can contain both user and service account principals. However, Infinispan Server uses service account principals only which means it can provide identity to clients and allow clients to authenticate with Kerberos servers. |
In most cases, you create unique principals for the Hot Rod and REST endpoints. For example, if you have a "datagrid" server in the "INFINISPAN.ORG" domain you should create the following service principals:
-
hotrod/datagrid@INFINISPAN.ORGidentifies the Hot Rod service. -
HTTP/datagrid@INFINISPAN.ORGidentifies the REST service.
-
Create keytab files for the Hot Rod and REST services.
- Linux
-
ktutil ktutil: addent -password -p datagrid@INFINISPAN.ORG -k 1 -e aes256-cts Password for datagrid@INFINISPAN.ORG: [enter your password] ktutil: wkt http.keytab ktutil: quit - Microsoft Windows
-
ktpass -princ HTTP/datagrid@INFINISPAN.ORG -pass * -mapuser INFINISPAN\USER_NAME ktab -k http.keytab -a HTTP/datagrid@INFINISPAN.ORG
-
Copy the keytab files to the
server/confdirectory of your Infinispan Server installation. -
Open your Infinispan Server configuration for editing.
-
Add a
server-identitiesdefinition to the Infinispan server security realm. -
Specify the location of keytab files that provide service principals to Hot Rod and REST connectors.
-
Name the Kerberos service principals.
-
Save the changes to your configuration.
Kerberos identity configuration
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="kerberos-realm">
<server-identities>
<!-- Specifies a keytab file that provides a Kerberos identity. -->
<!-- Names the Kerberos service principal for the Hot Rod endpoint. -->
<!-- The required="true" attribute specifies that the keytab file must be present when the server starts. -->
<kerberos keytab-path="hotrod.keytab"
principal="hotrod/datagrid@INFINISPAN.ORG"
required="true"/>
<!-- Specifies a keytab file and names the Kerberos service principal for the REST endpoint. -->
<kerberos keytab-path="http.keytab"
principal="HTTP/localhost@INFINISPAN.ORG"
required="true"/>
</server-identities>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
<endpoints>
<endpoint socket-binding="default"
security-realm="kerberos-realm">
<hotrod-connector>
<authentication>
<sasl server-name="datagrid"
server-principal="hotrod/datagrid@INFINISPAN.ORG"/>
</authentication>
</hotrod-connector>
<rest-connector>
<authentication server-principal="HTTP/localhost@INFINISPAN.ORG"/>
</rest-connector>
</endpoint>
</endpoints>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "kerberos-realm",
"server-identities": [{
"kerberos": {
"principal": "hotrod/datagrid@INFINISPAN.ORG",
"keytab-path": "hotrod.keytab",
"required": true
},
"kerberos": {
"principal": "HTTP/localhost@INFINISPAN.ORG",
"keytab-path": "http.keytab",
"required": true
}
}]
}]
},
"endpoints": {
"endpoint": {
"socket-binding": "default",
"security-realm": "kerberos-realm",
"hotrod-connector": {
"authentication": {
"security-realm": "kerberos-realm",
"sasl": {
"server-name": "datagrid",
"server-principal": "hotrod/datagrid@INFINISPAN.ORG"
}
}
},
"rest-connector": {
"authentication": {
"server-principal": "HTTP/localhost@INFINISPAN.ORG"
}
}
}
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "kerberos-realm"
serverIdentities:
- kerberos:
principal: "hotrod/datagrid@INFINISPAN.ORG"
keytabPath: "hotrod.keytab"
required: "true"
- kerberos:
principal: "HTTP/localhost@INFINISPAN.ORG"
keytabPath: "http.keytab"
required: "true"
endpoints:
endpoint:
socketBinding: "default"
securityRealm: "kerberos-realm"
hotrodConnector:
authentication:
sasl:
serverName: "datagrid"
serverPrincipal: "hotrod/datagrid@INFINISPAN.ORG"
restConnector:
authentication:
securityRealm: "kerberos-realm"
serverPrincipal" : "HTTP/localhost@INFINISPAN.ORG"3.3. Property realms
Property realms use property files to define users and groups.
-
users.propertiescontains Infinispan user credentials. Passwords can be pre-digested with theDIGEST-MD5andDIGESTauthentication mechanisms. -
groups.propertiesassociates users with roles and permissions.
|
You can avoid authentication issues that relate to a property file by using the Infinispan CLI to enter the correct security realm name to the file.
You can find the correct security realm name of your Infinispan Server by opening the |
myuser=a_password
user2=another_passwordmyuser=supervisor,reader,writer
user2=supervisorProperty realm configuration
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="default">
<!-- groups-attribute configures the "groups.properties" file to contain security authorization roles. -->
<properties-realm groups-attribute="Roles">
<user-properties path="users.properties"
relative-to="infinispan.server.config.path"
plain-text="true"/>
<group-properties path="groups.properties"
relative-to="infinispan.server.config.path"/>
</properties-realm>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "default",
"properties-realm": {
"groups-attribute": "Roles",
"user-properties": {
"digest-realm-name": "default",
"path": "users.properties",
"relative-to": "infinispan.server.config.path",
"plain-text": true
},
"group-properties": {
"path": "groups.properties",
"relative-to": "infinispan.server.config.path"
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "default"
propertiesRealm:
# groupsAttribute configures the "groups.properties" file
# to contain security authorization roles.
groupsAttribute: "Roles"
userProperties:
digestRealmName: "default"
path: "users.properties"
relative-to: 'infinispan.server.config.path'
plainText: "true"
groupProperties:
path: "groups.properties"
relative-to: 'infinispan.server.config.path'3.4. LDAP realms
LDAP realms connect to LDAP servers, such as OpenLDAP, Red Hat Directory Server, Apache Directory Server, or Microsoft Active Directory, to authenticate users and obtain membership information.
|
LDAP servers can have different entry layouts, depending on the type of server and deployment. It is beyond the scope of this document to provide examples for all possible configurations. |
3.4.1. LDAP connection properties
Specify the LDAP connection properties in the LDAP realm configuration.
The following properties are required:
| url |
Specifies the URL of the LDAP server. The URL should be in format |
| principal |
Specifies a distinguished name (DN) of a valid user in the LDAp server. The DN uniquely identifies the user within the LDAP directory structure. |
| credential |
Corresponds to the password associated with the principal mentioned above. |
|
The principal for LDAP connections must have necessary privileges to perform LDAP queries and access specific attributes. |
|
Enabling |
3.4.2. LDAP realm user authentication methods
Configure the user authentication method in the LDAP realm.
The LDAP realm can authenticate users in two ways:
| Hashed password comparison |
by comparing the hashed password stored in a user’s password attribute (usually |
| Direct verification |
by authenticating against the LDAP server using the supplied credentials Direct verification is the only approach that works with Active Directory, because access to the |
|
You cannot use endpoint authentication mechanisms that performs hashing with the |
The LDAP realm searches the directory to find the entry which corresponds to the authenticated user.
The rdn-identifier attribute specifies an LDAP attribute that finds the user entry based on a provided identifier, which is typically a username; for example, the uid or sAMAccountName attribute.
Add search-recursive="true" to the configuration to search the directory recursively.
By default, the search for the user entry uses the (rdn_identifier={0}) filter.
You can specify a different filter using the filter-name attribute.
3.4.3. Mapping user entries to their associated groups
In the LDAP realm configuration, specify the attribute-mapping element to retrieve and associate all groups that a user is a member of.
The membership information is stored typically in two ways:
-
Under group entries that usually have class
groupOfNamesorgroupOfUniqueNamesin thememberattribute. This is the default behavior in most LDAP installations, except for Active Directory. In this case, you can use an attribute filter. This filter searches for entries that match the supplied filter, which locates groups with amemberattribute equal to the user’s DN. The filter then extracts the group entry’s CN as specified byfrom, and adds it to the user’sRoles. -
In the user entry in the
memberOfattribute. This is typically the case for Active Directory. In this case you should use an attribute reference such as the following:<attribute-reference reference="memberOf" from="cn" to="Roles" />This reference gets all
memberOfattributes from the user’s entry, extracts the CN as specified byfrom, and adds them to the user’s groups (Rolesis the internal name used to map the groups).
3.4.4. LDAP realm configuration reference
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="ldap-realm">
<!-- Specifies connection properties. -->
<ldap-realm url="ldap://my-ldap-server:10389"
principal="uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
credential="strongPassword"
connection-timeout="3000"
read-timeout="30000"
connection-pooling="true"
referral-mode="ignore"
page-size="30"
direct-verification="true">
<!-- Defines how principals are mapped to LDAP entries. -->
<identity-mapping rdn-identifier="uid"
search-dn="ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
search-recursive="false">
<!-- Retrieves all the groups of which the user is a member. -->
<attribute-mapping>
<attribute from="cn" to="Roles"
filter="(&(objectClass=groupOfNames)(member={1}))"
filter-dn="ou=Roles,dc=infinispan,dc=org"/>
</attribute-mapping>
</identity-mapping>
</ldap-realm>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "ldap-realm",
"ldap-realm": {
"url": "ldap://my-ldap-server:10389",
"principal": "uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org",
"credential": "strongPassword",
"connection-timeout": "3000",
"read-timeout": "30000",
"connection-pooling": "true",
"referral-mode": "ignore",
"page-size": "30",
"direct-verification": "true",
"identity-mapping": {
"rdn-identifier": "uid",
"search-dn": "ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org",
"search-recursive": "false",
"attribute-mapping": [{
"from": "cn",
"to": "Roles",
"filter": "(&(objectClass=groupOfNames)(member={1}))",
"filter-dn": "ou=Roles,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
}]
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: ldap-realm
ldapRealm:
url: 'ldap://my-ldap-server:10389'
principal: 'uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org'
credential: strongPassword
connectionTimeout: '3000'
readTimeout: '30000'
connectionPooling: true
referralMode: ignore
pageSize: '30'
directVerification: true
identityMapping:
rdnIdentifier: uid
searchDn: 'ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org'
searchRecursive: false
attributeMapping:
- filter: '(&(objectClass=groupOfNames)(member={1}))'
filterDn: 'ou=Roles,dc=infinispan,dc=org'
from: cn
to: RolesLDAP realm principal rewriting
Principals obtained by SASL authentication mechanisms such as GSSAPI, GS2-KRB5 and Negotiate usually include the domain name, for example myuser@INFINISPAN.ORG.
Before using these principals in LDAP queries, it is necessary to transform them to ensure their compatibility.
This process is called rewriting.
Infinispan includes the following transformers:
| case-principal-transformer |
rewrites the principal to either all uppercase or all lowercase. For example |
| common-name-principal-transformer |
rewrites principals in the LDAP Distinguished Name format (as defined by RFC 4514). It extracts the first attribute of type |
| regex-principal-transformer |
rewrites principals using a regular expression with capturing groups, allowing, for example, for extractions of any substring. |
LDAP principal rewriting configuration reference
Case principal transformer
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="ldap-realm">
<ldap-realm url="ldap://${org.infinispan.test.host.address}:10389"
principal="uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
credential="strongPassword">
<name-rewriter>
<!-- Defines a rewriter that transforms usernames to lowercase -->
<case-principal-transformer uppercase="false"/>
</name-rewriter>
<!-- further configuration omitted -->
</ldap-realm>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "ldap-realm",
"ldap-realm": {
"principal": "uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org",
"url": "ldap://${org.infinispan.test.host.address}:10389",
"credential": "strongPassword",
"name-rewriter": {
"case-principal-transformer": {
"uppercase": false
}
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "ldap-realm"
ldapRealm:
principal: "uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
url: "ldap://${org.infinispan.test.host.address}:10389"
credential: "strongPassword"
nameRewriter:
casePrincipalTransformer:
uppercase: false
# further configuration omittedCommon name principal transformer
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="ldap-realm">
<ldap-realm url="ldap://${org.infinispan.test.host.address}:10389"
principal="uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
credential="strongPassword">
<name-rewriter>
<!-- Defines a rewriter that obtains the first CN from a DN -->
<common-name-principal-transformer />
</name-rewriter>
<!-- further configuration omitted -->
</ldap-realm>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "ldap-realm",
"ldap-realm": {
"principal": "uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org",
"url": "ldap://${org.infinispan.test.host.address}:10389",
"credential": "strongPassword",
"name-rewriter": {
"common-name-principal-transformer": {}
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "ldap-realm"
ldapRealm:
principal: "uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
url: "ldap://${org.infinispan.test.host.address}:10389"
credential: "strongPassword"
nameRewriter:
commonNamePrincipalTransformer: ~
# further configuration omittedRegex principal transformer
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="ldap-realm">
<ldap-realm url="ldap://${org.infinispan.test.host.address}:10389"
principal="uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
credential="strongPassword">
<name-rewriter>
<!-- Defines a rewriter that extracts the username from the principal using a regular expression. -->
<regex-principal-transformer pattern="(.*)@INFINISPAN\.ORG"
replacement="$1"/>
</name-rewriter>
<!-- further configuration omitted -->
</ldap-realm>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "ldap-realm",
"ldap-realm": {
"principal": "uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org",
"url": "ldap://${org.infinispan.test.host.address}:10389",
"credential": "strongPassword",
"name-rewriter": {
"regex-principal-transformer": {
"pattern": "(.*)@INFINISPAN\\.ORG",
"replacement": "$1"
}
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "ldap-realm"
ldapRealm:
principal: "uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
url: "ldap://${org.infinispan.test.host.address}:10389"
credential: "strongPassword"
nameRewriter:
regexPrincipalTransformer:
pattern: (.*)@INFINISPAN\.ORG
replacement: "$1"
# further configuration omittedLDAP user and group mapping process with Infinispan
This example illustrates the process of loading and internally mapping LDAP users and groups to Infinispan subjects. The following is a LDIF (LDAP Data Interchange Format) file, which describes multiple LDAP entries:
# Users
dn: uid=root,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org
objectclass: top
objectclass: uidObject
objectclass: person
uid: root
cn: root
sn: root
userPassword: strongPassword
# Groups
dn: cn=admin,ou=Roles,dc=infinispan,dc=org
objectClass: top
objectClass: groupOfNames
cn: admin
description: the Infinispan admin group
member: uid=root,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org
dn: cn=monitor,ou=Roles,dc=infinispan,dc=org
objectClass: top
objectClass: groupOfNames
cn: monitor
description: the Infinispan monitor group
member: uid=root,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=orgThe root user is a member of the admin and monitor groups.
When a request to authenticate the user root with the password strongPassword is made on one of the endpoints, the following operations are performed:
-
The username is optionally rewritten using the chosen principal transformer.
-
The realm searches within the
ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=orgtree for an entry whoseuidattribute is equal torootand finds the entry with DNuid=root,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org, which becomes the user principal. -
The realm searches within the
u=Roles,dc=infinispan,dc=orgtree for entries ofobjectClass=groupOfNamesthat includeuid=root,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=orgin thememberattribute. In this case it finds two entries:cn=admin,ou=Roles,dc=infinispan,dc=organdcn=monitor,ou=Roles,dc=infinispan,dc=org. From these entries, it extracts thecnattributes which become the group principals.
The resulting subject will therefore look like:
-
NamePrincipal:
uid=root,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org -
RolePrincipal:
admin -
RolePrincipal:
monitor
At this point, the global authorization mappers are applied on the above subject to convert the principals into roles. The roles are then expanded into a set of permissions, which are validated against the requested cache and operation.
3.5. Token realms
Token realms use external services to validate tokens and require providers that are compatible with RFC-7662 (OAuth2 Token Introspection), such as KeyCloak.
Token realm configuration
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="token-realm">
<!-- Specifies the URL of the authentication server. -->
<token-realm name="token"
auth-server-url="https://oauth-server/auth/">
<!-- Specifies the URL of the token introspection endpoint. -->
<oauth2-introspection introspection-url="https://oauth-server/auth/realms/infinispan/protocol/openid-connect/token/introspect"
client-id="infinispan-server"
client-secret="1fdca4ec-c416-47e0-867a-3d471af7050f"/>
</token-realm>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "token-realm",
"token-realm": {
"auth-server-url": "https://oauth-server/auth/",
"oauth2-introspection": {
"client-id": "infinispan-server",
"client-secret": "1fdca4ec-c416-47e0-867a-3d471af7050f",
"introspection-url": "https://oauth-server/auth/realms/infinispan/protocol/openid-connect/token/introspect"
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: token-realm
tokenRealm:
authServerUrl: 'https://oauth-server/auth/'
oauth2Introspection:
clientId: infinispan-server
clientSecret: '1fdca4ec-c416-47e0-867a-3d471af7050f'
introspectionUrl: 'https://oauth-server/auth/realms/infinispan/protocol/openid-connect/token/introspect'3.6. Trust store realms
Trust store realms use certificates, or certificates chains, that verify Infinispan Server and client identities when they negotiate connections.
- Keystores
-
Contain server certificates that provide a Infinispan Server identity to clients. If you configure a keystore with server certificates, Infinispan Server encrypts traffic using industry standard SSL/TLS protocols.
- Trust stores
-
Contain client certificates, or certificate chains, that clients present to Infinispan Server. Client trust stores are optional and allow Infinispan Server to perform client certificate authentication.
You must add the require-ssl-client-auth="true" attribute to the endpoint configuration if you want Infinispan Server to validate or authenticate client certificates.
Trust store realm configuration
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="trust-store-realm">
<server-identities>
<ssl>
<!-- Provides an SSL/TLS identity with a keystore that contains server certificates. -->
<keystore path="server.p12"
relative-to="infinispan.server.config.path"
keystore-password="secret"
alias="server"/>
<!-- Configures a trust store that contains client certificates or part of a certificate chain. -->
<truststore path="trust.p12"
relative-to="infinispan.server.config.path"
password="secret"/>
</ssl>
</server-identities>
<!-- Authenticates client certificates against the trust store. If you configure this, the trust store must contain the public certificates for all clients. -->
<truststore-realm/>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "trust-store-realm",
"server-identities": {
"ssl": {
"keystore": {
"path": "server.p12",
"relative-to": "infinispan.server.config.path",
"keystore-password": "secret",
"alias": "server"
},
"truststore": {
"path": "trust.p12",
"relative-to": "infinispan.server.config.path",
"password": "secret"
}
}
},
"truststore-realm": {}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "trust-store-realm"
serverIdentities:
ssl:
keystore:
path: "server.p12"
relative-to: "infinispan.server.config.path"
keystore-password: "secret"
alias: "server"
truststore:
path: "trust.p12"
relative-to: "infinispan.server.config.path"
password: "secret"
truststoreRealm: ~3.7. Distributed security realms
Distributed realms combine multiple different types of security realms. When users attempt to access the Hot Rod or REST endpoints, Infinispan Server uses each security realm in turn until it finds one that can perform the authentication.
Distributed realm configuration
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="distributed-realm">
<ldap-realm url="ldap://my-ldap-server:10389"
principal="uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
credential="strongPassword">
<identity-mapping rdn-identifier="uid"
search-dn="ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
search-recursive="false">
<attribute-mapping>
<attribute from="cn" to="Roles"
filter="(&(objectClass=groupOfNames)(member={1}))"
filter-dn="ou=Roles,dc=infinispan,dc=org"/>
</attribute-mapping>
</identity-mapping>
</ldap-realm>
<properties-realm groups-attribute="Roles">
<user-properties path="users.properties"
relative-to="infinispan.server.config.path"/>
<group-properties path="groups.properties"
relative-to="infinispan.server.config.path"/>
</properties-realm>
<distributed-realm/>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "distributed-realm",
"ldap-realm": {
"principal": "uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org",
"url": "ldap://my-ldap-server:10389",
"credential": "strongPassword",
"identity-mapping": {
"rdn-identifier": "uid",
"search-dn": "ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org",
"search-recursive": false,
"attribute-mapping": {
"attribute": {
"filter": "(&(objectClass=groupOfNames)(member={1}))",
"filter-dn": "ou=Roles,dc=infinispan,dc=org",
"from": "cn",
"to": "Roles"
}
}
}
},
"properties-realm": {
"groups-attribute": "Roles",
"user-properties": {
"digest-realm-name": "distributed-realm",
"path": "users.properties"
},
"group-properties": {
"path": "groups.properties"
}
},
"distributed-realm": {}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "distributed-realm"
ldapRealm:
principal: "uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
url: "ldap://my-ldap-server:10389"
credential: "strongPassword"
identityMapping:
rdnIdentifier: "uid"
searchDn: "ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
searchRecursive: "false"
attributeMapping:
attribute:
filter: "(&(objectClass=groupOfNames)(member={1}))"
filterDn: "ou=Roles,dc=infinispan,dc=org"
from: "cn"
to: "Roles"
propertiesRealm:
groupsAttribute: "Roles"
userProperties:
digestRealmName: "distributed-realm"
path: "users.properties"
groupProperties:
path: "groups.properties"
distributedRealm: ~4. Endpoint authentication mechanisms
Infinispan Server can use custom SASL and HTTP authentication mechanisms for Hot Rod and REST endpoints.
4.1. Infinispan Server authentication
Authentication restricts user access to endpoints as well as the Infinispan Console and Command Line Interface (CLI).
Infinispan Server includes a "default" security realm that enforces user authentication.
Default authentication uses a property realm with user credentials stored in the server/conf/users.properties file.
Infinispan Server also enables security authorization by default so you must assign users with permissions stored in the server/conf/groups.properties file.
|
Use the |
4.2. Configuring Infinispan Server authentication mechanisms
You can explicitly configure Hot Rod and REST endpoints to use specific authentication mechanisms. Configuring authentication mechanisms is required only if you need to explicitly override the default mechanisms for a security realm.
|
Each |
-
Add security realms to your Infinispan Server configuration as required.
-
Open your Infinispan Server configuration for editing.
-
Add an
endpointelement or field and specify the security realm that it uses with thesecurity-realmattribute. -
Add a
hotrod-connectorelement or field to configure the Hot Rod endpoint.-
Add an
authenticationelement or field. -
Specify SASL authentication mechanisms for the Hot Rod endpoint to use with the
sasl mechanismsattribute. -
If applicable, specify SASL quality of protection settings with the
qopattribute. -
Specify the Infinispan Server identity with the
server-nameattribute if necessary.
-
-
Add a
rest-connectorelement or field to configure the REST endpoint.-
Add an
authenticationelement or field. -
Specify HTTP authentication mechanisms for the REST endpoint to use with the
mechanismsattribute.
-
-
Save the changes to your configuration.
Authentication mechanism configuration
The following configuration specifies SASL mechanisms for the Hot Rod endpoint to use for authentication:
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<endpoints>
<endpoint socket-binding="default"
security-realm="my-realm">
<hotrod-connector>
<authentication>
<sasl mechanisms="SCRAM-SHA-512 SCRAM-SHA-384 SCRAM-SHA-256
SCRAM-SHA-1 DIGEST-SHA-512 DIGEST-SHA-384
DIGEST-SHA-256 DIGEST-SHA DIGEST-MD5 PLAIN"
server-name="infinispan"
qop="auth"/>
</authentication>
</hotrod-connector>
<rest-connector>
<authentication mechanisms="DIGEST BASIC"/>
</rest-connector>
</endpoint>
</endpoints>
</server>{
"server": {
"endpoints": {
"endpoint": {
"socket-binding": "default",
"security-realm": "my-realm",
"hotrod-connector": {
"authentication": {
"security-realm": "default",
"sasl": {
"server-name": "infinispan",
"mechanisms": ["SCRAM-SHA-512", "SCRAM-SHA-384", "SCRAM-SHA-256", "SCRAM-SHA-1", "DIGEST-SHA-512", "DIGEST-SHA-384", "DIGEST-SHA-256", "DIGEST-SHA", "DIGEST-MD5", "PLAIN"],
"qop": ["auth"]
}
}
},
"rest-connector": {
"authentication": {
"mechanisms": ["DIGEST", "BASIC"],
"security-realm": "default"
}
}
}
}
}
}server:
endpoints:
endpoint:
socketBinding: "default"
securityRealm: "my-realm"
hotrodConnector:
authentication:
securityRealm: "default"
sasl:
serverName: "infinispan"
mechanisms:
- "SCRAM-SHA-512"
- "SCRAM-SHA-384"
- "SCRAM-SHA-256"
- "SCRAM-SHA-1"
- "DIGEST-SHA-512"
- "DIGEST-SHA-384"
- "DIGEST-SHA-256"
- "DIGEST-SHA"
- "DIGEST-MD5"
- "PLAIN"
qop:
- "auth"
restConnector:
authentication:
mechanisms:
- "DIGEST"
- "BASIC"
securityRealm: "default"4.2.1. Disabling authentication
In local development environments or on isolated networks you can configure Infinispan to allow unauthenticated client requests. When you disable user authentication you should also disable authorization in your Infinispan security configuration.
-
Open your Infinispan Server configuration for editing.
-
Remove the
security-realmattribute from theendpointselement or field. -
Remove any
authorizationelements from thesecurityconfiguration for thecache-containerand each cache configuration. -
Save the changes to your configuration.
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<endpoints socket-binding="default"/>
</server>{
"server": {
"endpoints": {
"endpoint": {
"socket-binding": "default"
}
}
}
}server:
endpoints:
endpoint:
socketBinding: "default"4.3. Infinispan Server authentication mechanisms
Infinispan Server automatically configures endpoints with authentication mechanisms that match your security realm configuration.
For example, if you add a Kerberos security realm then Infinispan Server enables the GSSAPI and GS2-KRB5 authentication mechanisms for the Hot Rod endpoint.
|
Currently, you cannot use the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) protocol with the |
Infinispan Server enables the following SASL authentication mechanisms for Hot Rod endpoints when your configuration includes the corresponding security realm:
| Security realm | SASL authentication mechanism |
|---|---|
Property realms and LDAP realms |
SCRAM-*, DIGEST-*, |
Token realms |
OAUTHBEARER |
Trust realms |
EXTERNAL |
Kerberos identities |
GSSAPI, GS2-KRB5 |
SSL/TLS identities |
PLAIN |
Infinispan Server enables the following HTTP authentication mechanisms for REST endpoints when your configuration includes the corresponding security realm:
| Security realm | HTTP authentication mechanism |
|---|---|
Property realms and LDAP realms |
DIGEST |
Token realms |
BEARER_TOKEN |
Trust realms |
CLIENT_CERT |
Kerberos identities |
SPNEGO |
SSL/TLS identities |
BASIC |
4.3.1. SASL authentication mechanisms
Infinispan Server supports the following SASL authentications mechanisms with Hot Rod endpoints:
| Authentication mechanism | Description | Security realm type | Related details |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Uses credentials in plain-text format. You should use |
Property realms and LDAP realms |
Similar to the |
|
Uses hashing algorithms and nonce values. Hot Rod connectors support |
Property realms and LDAP realms |
Similar to the |
|
Uses salt values in addition to hashing algorithms and nonce values. Hot Rod connectors support |
Property realms and LDAP realms |
Similar to the |
|
Uses Kerberos tickets and requires a Kerberos Domain Controller. You must add a corresponding |
Kerberos realms |
Similar to the |
|
Uses Kerberos tickets and requires a Kerberos Domain Controller. You must add a corresponding |
Kerberos realms |
Similar to the |
|
Uses client certificates. |
Trust store realms |
Similar to the |
|
Uses OAuth tokens and requires a |
Token realms |
Similar to the |
4.3.2. SASL quality of protection (QoP)
If SASL mechanisms support integrity and privacy protection (QoP) settings, you can add them to your Hot Rod endpoint configuration with the qop attribute.
| QoP setting | Description |
|---|---|
|
Authentication only. |
|
Authentication with integrity protection. |
|
Authentication with integrity and privacy protection. |
4.3.3. SASL policies
SASL policies provide fine-grain control over Hot Rod authentication mechanisms.
|
Infinispan cache authorization restricts access to caches based on roles and
permissions.
Configure cache authorization and then set |
| Policy | Description | Default value |
|---|---|---|
|
Use only SASL mechanisms that support forward secrecy between sessions. This means that breaking into one session does not automatically provide information for breaking into future sessions. |
false |
|
Use only SASL mechanisms that require client credentials. |
false |
|
Do not use SASL mechanisms that are susceptible to simple plain passive attacks. |
false |
|
Do not use SASL mechanisms that are susceptible to active, non-dictionary, attacks. |
false |
|
Do not use SASL mechanisms that are susceptible to passive dictionary attacks. |
false |
|
Do not use SASL mechanisms that accept anonymous logins. |
true |
SASL policy configuration
In the following configuration the Hot Rod endpoint uses the GSSAPI mechanism for authentication because it is the only mechanism that complies with all SASL policies:
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<endpoints>
<endpoint socket-binding="default"
security-realm="default">
<hotrod-connector>
<authentication>
<sasl mechanisms="PLAIN DIGEST-MD5 GSSAPI EXTERNAL"
server-name="infinispan"
qop="auth"
policy="no-active no-plain-text"/>
</authentication>
</hotrod-connector>
<rest-connector/>
</endpoint>
</endpoints>
</server>{
"server": {
"endpoints" : {
"endpoint" : {
"socket-binding" : "default",
"security-realm" : "default",
"hotrod-connector" : {
"authentication" : {
"sasl" : {
"server-name" : "infinispan",
"mechanisms" : [ "PLAIN","DIGEST-MD5","GSSAPI","EXTERNAL" ],
"qop" : [ "auth" ],
"policy" : [ "no-active","no-plain-text" ]
}
}
},
"rest-connector" : ""
}
}
}
}server:
endpoints:
endpoint:
socketBinding: "default"
securityRealm: "default"
hotrodConnector:
authentication:
sasl:
serverName: "infinispan"
mechanisms:
- "PLAIN"
- "DIGEST-MD5"
- "GSSAPI"
- "EXTERNAL"
qop:
- "auth"
policy:
- "no-active"
- "no-plain-text"
restConnector: ~4.3.4. HTTP authentication mechanisms
Infinispan Server supports the following HTTP authentication mechanisms with REST endpoints:
| Authentication mechanism | Description | Security realm type | Related details |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Uses credentials in plain-text format. You should use |
Property realms and LDAP realms |
Corresponds to the |
|
Uses hashing algorithms and nonce values. REST connectors support |
Property realms and LDAP realms |
Corresponds to the |
|
Uses Kerberos tickets and requires a Kerberos Domain Controller. You must add a corresponding |
Kerberos realms |
Corresponds to the |
|
Uses OAuth tokens and requires a |
Token realms |
Corresponds to the |
|
Uses client certificates. |
Trust store realms |
Similar to the |
5. Configuring TLS/SSL encryption
You can secure Infinispan Server connections using SSL/TLS encryption by configuring a keystore that contains public and private keys for Infinispan. You can also configure client certificate authentication if you require mutual TLS.
5.1. Configuring Infinispan Server keystores
Add keystores to Infinispan Server and configure it to present SSL/TLS certificates that verify its identity to clients. If a security realm contains TLS/SSL identities, it encrypts any connections to Infinispan Server endpoints that use that security realm.
-
Create a keystore that contains certificates, or certificate chains, for Infinispan Server.
Infinispan Server supports the following keystore formats: JKS, JCEKS, PKCS12/PFX and PEM.
BKS, BCFKS, and UBER are also supported if the Bouncy Castle library is present.
When using client hostname validation, according to the rules defined by the RFC 2818 specification, server certificates should include the subjectAltName extension of type dNSName and/or iPAddress.
|
In production environments, server certificates should be signed by a trusted Certificate Authority, either Root or Intermediate CA. |
|
You can use PEM files as keystores if they contain both of the following:
You should also configure PEM file keystores with an empty password ( |
-
Open your Infinispan Server configuration for editing.
-
Add the keystore that contains SSL/TLS identities for Infinispan Server to the
$ISPN_HOME/server/confdirectory. -
Add a
server-identitiesdefinition to the Infinispan Server security realm. -
Specify the keystore file name with the
pathattribute. -
Provide the keystore password and certificate alias with the
keystore-passwordandaliasattributes. -
Save the changes to your configuration.
Configure clients with a trust store so they can verify SSL/TLS identities for Infinispan Server.
Keystore configuration
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="default">
<server-identities>
<ssl>
<!-- Adds a keystore that contains server certificates that provide SSL/TLS identities to clients. -->
<keystore path="server.p12"
relative-to="infinispan.server.config.path"
password="secret"
alias="my-server"/>
</ssl>
</server-identities>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "default",
"server-identities": {
"ssl": {
"keystore": {
"alias": "my-server",
"path": "server.p12",
"password": "secret"
}
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "default"
serverIdentities:
ssl:
keystore:
alias: "my-server"
path: "server.p12"
password: "secret"5.1.1. Generating Infinispan Server keystores
Configure Infinispan Server to automatically generate keystores at startup.
|
Automatically generated keystores:
|
-
Open your Infinispan Server configuration for editing.
-
Include the
generate-self-signed-certificate-hostattribute for thekeystoreelement in the server configuration. -
Specify a hostname for the server certificate as the value.
-
Save the changes to your configuration.
Generated keystore configuration
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="generated-keystore">
<server-identities>
<ssl>
<!-- Generates a keystore that includes a self-signed certificate with the specified hostname. -->
<keystore path="server.p12"
relative-to="infinispan.server.config.path"
password="secret"
alias="server"
generate-self-signed-certificate-host="localhost"/>
</ssl>
</server-identities>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "generated-keystore",
"server-identities": {
"ssl": {
"keystore": {
"alias": "server",
"generate-self-signed-certificate-host": "localhost",
"path": "server.p12",
"password": "secret"
}
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "generated-keystore"
serverIdentities:
ssl:
keystore:
alias: "server"
generateSelfSignedCertificateHost: "localhost"
path: "server.p12"
password: "secret"5.1.2. Configuring TLS versions and cipher suites
When using SSL/TLS encryption to secure your deployment, you can configure Infinispan Server to use specific versions of the TLS protocol as well as specific cipher suites within the protocol.
-
Open your Infinispan Server configuration for editing.
-
Add the
engineelement to the SSL configuration for Infinispan Server. -
Configure Infinispan to use one or more TLS versions with the
enabled-protocolsattribute.Infinispan Server supports TLS version 1.2 and 1.3 by default. If appropriate you can set
TLSv1.3only to restrict the security protocol for client connections. Infinispan does not recommend enablingTLSv1.1because it is an older protocol with limited support and provides weak security. You should never enable any version of TLS older than 1.1.If you modify the SSL
engineconfiguration for Infinispan Server you must explicitly configure TLS versions with theenabled-protocolsattribute. Omitting theenabled-protocolsattribute allows any TLS version.<engine enabled-protocols="TLSv1.3 TLSv1.2" /> -
Configure Infinispan to use one or more cipher suites with the
enabled-ciphersuitesattribute (for TLSv1.2 and below) and theenabled-ciphersuites-tls13attribute (for TLSv1.3).You must ensure that you set a cipher suite that supports any protocol features you plan to use; for example
HTTP/2 ALPN. -
Save the changes to your configuration.
SSL engine configuration
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="default">
<server-identities>
<ssl>
<keystore path="server.p12"
relative-to="infinispan.server.config.path"
password="secret"
alias="server"/>
<!-- Configures Infinispan Server to use specific TLS versions and cipher suites. -->
<engine enabled-protocols="TLSv1.3 TLSv1.2"
enabled-ciphersuites="TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256"
enabled-ciphersuites-tls13="TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256:TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256"/>
</ssl>
</server-identities>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "default",
"server-identities": {
"ssl": {
"keystore": {
"alias": "server",
"path": "server.p12",
"password": "secret"
},
"engine": {
"enabled-protocols": ["TLSv1.3"],
"enabled-ciphersuites": "TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256",
"enabled-ciphersuites-tls13": "TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256:TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256"
}
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "default"
serverIdentities:
ssl:
keystore:
alias: "server"
path: "server.p12"
password: "secret"
engine:
enabledProtocols:
- "TLSv1.3"
enabledCiphersuites: "TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256"
enabledCiphersuitesTls13: "TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384"5.2. Configuring Infinispan Server on a system with FIPS 140-2 compliant cryptography
FIPS (Federal Information Processing Standards) are standards and guidelines for US federal computer systems. Although FIPS are developed for use by the US federal government, many in the private sector voluntarily use these standards.
FIPS 140-2 defines security requirements for cryptographic modules. You can configure your Infinispan Server to use encryption ciphers that adhere to the FIPS 140-2 specification by using alternative JDK security providers.
5.2.1. Configuring the PKCS11 cryptographic provider
You can configure the PKCS11 cryptographic provider by specifying the PKCS11 keystore with the SunPKCS11-NSS-FIPS provider.
-
Configure your system for FIPS mode. You can check if your system has FIPS Mode enabled by issuing the
fips-mode-setup --checkcommand in your Infinispan command-line Interface (CLI) -
Initialize the system-wide NSS database by using the
certutiltool. -
Install the JDK with the
java.securityfile configured to enable theSunPKCS11provider. This provider points to the NSS database and the SSL provider. -
Install a certificate in the NSS database.
|
The OpenSSL provider requires a private key, but you cannot retrieve a private key from the PKCS#11 store.
FIPS blocks the export of unencrypted keys from a FIPS-compliant cryptographic module, so you cannot use the OpenSSL provider for TLS when in FIPS mode.
You can disable the OpenSSL provider at startup with the |
-
Open your Infinispan Server configuration for editing.
-
Add a
server-identitiesdefinition to the Infinispan Server security realm. -
Specify the PKCS11 keystore with the
SunPKCS11-NSS-FIPSprovider. -
Save the changes to your configuration.
Keystore configuration
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="default">
<server-identities>
<ssl>
<!-- Adds a keystore that reads certificates from the NSS database. -->
<keystore provider="SunPKCS11-NSS-FIPS" type="PKCS11"/>
</ssl>
</server-identities>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "default",
"server-identities": {
"ssl": {
"keystore": {
"provider": "SunPKCS11-NSS-FIPS",
"type": "PKCS11"
}
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "default"
serverIdentities:
ssl:
keystore:
provider: "SunPKCS11-NSS-FIPS"
type: "PKCS11"5.2.2. Configuring the Bouncy Castle FIPS cryptographic provider
You can configure the Bouncy Castle FIPS (Federal Information Processing Standards) cryptographic provider in your Infinispan server’s configuration.
-
Configure your system for FIPS mode. You can check if your system has FIPS Mode enabled by issuing the
fips-mode-setup --checkcommand in your Infinispan command-line Interface (CLI). -
Create a keystore in BCFKS format that contains a certificate.
-
Download the Bouncy Castle FIPS JAR file, and add the file to the
server/libdirectory of your Infinispan Server installation. -
To install Bouncy Castle, issue the
installcommand:[disconnected]> install org.bouncycastle:bc-fips:1.0.2.3 -
Open your Infinispan Server configuration for editing.
-
Add a
server-identitiesdefinition to the Infinispan Server security realm. -
Specify the BCFKS keystore with the
BCFIPSprovider. -
Save the changes to your configuration.
Keystore configuration
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="default">
<server-identities>
<ssl>
<!-- Adds a keystore that reads certificates from the BCFKS keystore. -->
<keystore path="server.bcfks" password="secret" alias="server" provider="BCFIPS" type="BCFKS"/>
</ssl>
</server-identities>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "default",
"server-identities": {
"ssl": {
"keystore": {
"path": "server.bcfks",
"password": "secret",
"alias": "server",
"provider": "BCFIPS",
"type": "BCFKS"
}
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "default"
serverIdentities:
ssl:
keystore:
path: "server.bcfks"
password: "secret"
alias: "server"
provider: "BCFIPS"
type: "BCFKS"5.3. Configuring client certificate authentication
Configure Infinispan Server to use mutual TLS to secure client connections.
You can configure Infinispan to verify client identities from certificates in a trust store in two ways:
-
Require a trust store that contains only the signing certificate, which is typically a Certificate Authority (CA). Any client that presents a certificate signed by the CA can connect to Infinispan.
-
Require a trust store that contains all client certificates in addition to the signing certificate. Only clients that present a signed certificate that is present in the trust store can connect to Infinispan.
|
Alternatively to providing trust stores you can use shared system certificates. |
-
Create a client trust store that contains either the CA certificate or all public certificates.
-
Create a keystore for Infinispan Server and configure an SSL/TLS identity.
|
PEM files can be used as trust stores provided they contain one or more certificates.
These trust stores should be configured with an empty password: |
-
Open your Infinispan Server configuration for editing.
-
Add the
require-ssl-client-auth="true"parameter to yourendpointsconfiguration. -
Add the client trust store to the
$ISPN_HOME/server/confdirectory. -
Specify the
pathandpasswordattributes for thetruststoreelement in the Infinispan Server security realm configuration. -
Add the
<truststore-realm/>element to the security realm if you want Infinispan Server to authenticate each client certificate. -
Save the changes to your configuration.
-
Set up authorization with client certificates in the Infinispan Server configuration if you control access with security roles and permissions.
-
Configure clients to negotiate SSL/TLS connections with Infinispan Server.
Client certificate authentication configuration
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="trust-store-realm">
<server-identities>
<ssl>
<!-- Provides an SSL/TLS identity with a keystore that
contains server certificates. -->
<keystore path="server.p12"
relative-to="infinispan.server.config.path"
keystore-password="secret"
alias="server"/>
<!-- Configures a trust store that contains client certificates
or part of a certificate chain. -->
<truststore path="trust.p12"
relative-to="infinispan.server.config.path"
password="secret"/>
</ssl>
</server-identities>
<!-- Authenticates client certificates against the trust store. If you configure this, the trust store must contain the public certificates for all clients. -->
<truststore-realm/>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
<endpoints>
<endpoint socket-binding="default"
security-realm="trust-store-realm"
require-ssl-client-auth="true">
<hotrod-connector>
<authentication>
<sasl mechanisms="EXTERNAL"
server-name="infinispan"
qop="auth"/>
</authentication>
</hotrod-connector>
<rest-connector>
<authentication mechanisms="CLIENT_CERT"/>
</rest-connector>
</endpoint>
</endpoints>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"security-realms": [{
"name": "trust-store-realm",
"server-identities": {
"ssl": {
"keystore": {
"path": "server.p12",
"relative-to": "infinispan.server.config.path",
"keystore-password": "secret",
"alias": "server"
},
"truststore": {
"path": "trust.p12",
"relative-to": "infinispan.server.config.path",
"password": "secret"
}
}
},
"truststore-realm": {}
}]
},
"endpoints": [{
"socket-binding": "default",
"security-realm": "trust-store-realm",
"require-ssl-client-auth": "true",
"connectors": {
"hotrod": {
"hotrod-connector": {
"authentication": {
"sasl": {
"mechanisms": "EXTERNAL",
"server-name": "infinispan",
"qop": "auth"
}
}
},
"rest": {
"rest-connector": {
"authentication": {
"mechanisms": "CLIENT_CERT"
}
}
}
}
}
}]
}
}server:
security:
securityRealms:
- name: "trust-store-realm"
serverIdentities:
ssl:
keystore:
path: "server.p12"
relative-to: "infinispan.server.config.path"
keystore-password: "secret"
alias: "server"
truststore:
path: "trust.p12"
relative-to: "infinispan.server.config.path"
password: "secret"
truststoreRealm: ~
endpoints:
socketBinding: "default"
securityRealm: "trust-store-realm"
requireSslClientAuth: "true"
connectors:
- hotrod:
hotrodConnector:
authentication:
sasl:
mechanisms: "EXTERNAL"
serverName: "infinispan"
qop: "auth"
- rest:
restConnector:
authentication:
mechanisms: "CLIENT_CERT"-
Using Shared System Certificates (Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Security Guide)
5.4. Configuring authorization with client certificates
Enabling client certificate authentication means you do not need to specify Infinispan user credentials in client configuration, which means you must associate roles with the Common Name (CN) field in the client certificate(s).
-
Provide clients with a Java keystore that contains either their public certificates or part of the certificate chain, typically a public CA certificate.
-
Configure Infinispan Server to perform client certificate authentication.
-
Open your Infinispan Server configuration for editing.
-
Enable the
common-name-role-mapperin the security authorization configuration. -
Assign the Common Name (
CN) from the client certificate a role with the appropriate permissions. -
Save the changes to your configuration.
Client certificate authorization configuration
<infinispan>
<cache-container name="certificate-authentication" statistics="true">
<security>
<authorization>
<!-- Declare a role mapper that associates the common name (CN) field in client certificate trust stores with authorization roles. -->
<common-name-role-mapper/>
<!-- In this example, if a client certificate contains `CN=Client1` then clients with matching certificates get ALL permissions. -->
<role name="Client1" permissions="ALL"/>
</authorization>
</security>
</cache-container>
</infinispan>{
"infinispan": {
"cache-container": {
"name": "certificate-authentication",
"security": {
"authorization": {
"common-name-role-mapper": null,
"roles": {
"Client1": {
"role": {
"permissions": "ALL"
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}infinispan:
cacheContainer:
name: "certificate-authentication"
security:
authorization:
commonNameRoleMapper: ~
roles:
Client1:
role:
permissions:
- "ALL"6. Storing Infinispan Server credentials in keystores
External services require credentials to authenticate with Infinispan Server. To protect sensitive text strings such as passwords, add them to a credential keystore rather than directly in Infinispan Server configuration files.
You can then configure Infinispan Server to decrypt passwords for establishing connections with services such as databases or LDAP directories.
|
Plain-text passwords in While credential keystores are password-protected store encrypted passwords, any user account with write access to the host filesystem can tamper with the keystore itself. To completely secure Infinispan Server credentials, you should grant read-write access only to user accounts that can configure and run Infinispan Server. |
6.1. Setting up credential keystores
Create keystores that encrypt credential for Infinispan Server access.
A credential keystore contains at least one alias that is associated with an encrypted password. After you create a keystore, you specify the alias in a connection configuration such as a database connection pool. Infinispan Server then decrypts the password for that alias from the keystore when the service attempts authentication.
You can create as many credential keystores with as many aliases as required.
|
As a security best practice, keystores should be readable only by the user who runs the process for Infinispan Server. |
-
Open a terminal in
$ISPN_HOME. -
Create a keystore and add credentials to it with the
credentialscommand.By default, keystores are of type PKCS12. Run
help credentialsfor details on changing keystore defaults.The following example shows how to create a keystore that contains an alias of "dbpassword" for the password "changeme". When you create a keystore you also specify a password to access the keystore with the
-pargument.- Linux
-
bin/cli.sh credentials add dbpassword -c changeme -p "secret1234!" - Microsoft Windows
-
bin\cli.bat credentials add dbpassword -c changeme -p "secret1234!"
-
Check that the alias is added to the keystore.
bin/cli.sh credentials ls -p "secret1234!" dbpassword -
Open your Infinispan Server configuration for editing.
-
Configure Infinispan to use the credential keystore.
-
Add a
credential-storessection to thesecurityconfiguration. -
Specify the name and location of the credential keystore.
-
Specify the password to access the credential keystore with the
clear-text-credentialconfiguration.Instead of adding a clear-text password for the credential keystore to your Infinispan Server configuration you can use an external command or masked password for additional security.
You can also use a password in one credential store as the master password for another credential store.
-
-
Reference the credential keystore in configuration that Infinispan Server uses to connect with an external system such as a datasource or LDAP server.
-
Add a
credential-referencesection. -
Specify the name of the credential keystore with the
storeattribute. -
Specify the password alias with the
aliasattribute.Attributes in the
credential-referenceconfiguration are optional.-
storeis required only if you have multiple keystores. -
aliasis required only if the keystore contains multiple password aliases.
-
-
-
Save the changes to your configuration.
6.2. Securing passwords for credential keystores
Infinispan Server requires a password to access credential keystores. You can add that password to Infinispan Server configuration in clear text or, as an added layer of security, you can use an external command for the password or you can mask the password.
-
Set up a credential keystore for Infinispan Server.
Do one of the following:
-
Use the
credentials maskcommand to obscure the password, for example:bin/cli.sh credentials mask -i 100 -s pepper99 "secret1234!"Masked passwords use Password Based Encryption (PBE) and must be in the following format in your Infinispan Server configuration: <MASKED_VALUE;SALT;ITERATION>.
-
Use an external command that provides the password as standard output.
An external command can be any executable, such as a shell script or binary, that uses
java.lang.Runtime#exec(java.lang.String).
If the command requires parameters, provide them as a space-separated list of strings.
6.3. Credential keystore configuration
You can add credential keystores to Infinispan Server configuration and use clear-text passwords, masked passwords, or external commands that supply passwords.
Credential keystore with a clear text password
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<credential-stores>
<credential-store name="credentials" path="credentials.pfx">
<clear-text-credential clear-text="secret1234!"/>
</credential-store>
</credential-stores>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"credential-stores": [{
"name": "credentials",
"path": "credentials.pfx",
"clear-text-credential": {
"clear-text": "secret1234!"
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
credentialStores:
- name: credentials
path: credentials.pfx
clearTextCredential:
clearText: "secret1234!"Credential keystore with a masked password
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<credential-stores>
<credential-store name="credentials"
path="credentials.pfx">
<masked-credential masked="1oTMDZ5JQj6DVepJviXMnX;pepper99;100"/>
</credential-store>
</credential-stores>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"credential-stores": [{
"name": "credentials",
"path": "credentials.pfx",
"masked-credential": {
"masked": "1oTMDZ5JQj6DVepJviXMnX;pepper99;100"
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
credentialStores:
- name: credentials
path: credentials.pfx
maskedCredential:
masked: "1oTMDZ5JQj6DVepJviXMnX;pepper99;100"External command passwords
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<credential-stores>
<credential-store name="credentials"
path="credentials.pfx">
<command-credential command="/path/to/executable.sh arg1 arg2"/>
</credential-store>
</credential-stores>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"credential-stores": [{
"name": "credentials",
"path": "credentials.pfx",
"command-credential": {
"command": "/path/to/executable.sh arg1 arg2"
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
credentialStores:
- name: credentials
path: credentials.pfx
commandCredential:
command: "/path/to/executable.sh arg1 arg2"6.4. Credential keystore references
After you add credential keystores to Infinispan Server you can reference them in connection configurations.
Datasource connections
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<credential-stores>
<credential-store name="credentials"
path="credentials.pfx">
<clear-text-credential clear-text="secret1234!"/>
</credential-store>
</credential-stores>
</security>
<data-sources>
<data-source name="postgres"
jndi-name="jdbc/postgres">
<!-- Specifies the database username in the connection factory. -->
<connection-factory driver="org.postgresql.Driver"
username="dbuser"
url="${org.infinispan.server.test.postgres.jdbcUrl}">
<!-- Specifies the credential keystore that contains an encrypted password and the alias for it. -->
<credential-reference store="credentials"
alias="dbpassword"/>
</connection-factory>
<connection-pool max-size="10"
min-size="1"
background-validation="1000"
idle-removal="1"
initial-size="1"
leak-detection="10000"/>
</data-source>
</data-sources>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"credential-stores": [{
"name": "credentials",
"path": "credentials.pfx",
"clear-text-credential": {
"clear-text": "secret1234!"
}
}],
"data-sources": [{
"name": "postgres",
"jndi-name": "jdbc/postgres",
"connection-factory": {
"driver": "org.postgresql.Driver",
"username": "dbuser",
"url": "${org.infinispan.server.test.postgres.jdbcUrl}",
"credential-reference": {
"store": "credentials",
"alias": "dbpassword"
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
credentialStores:
- name: credentials
path: credentials.pfx
clearTextCredential:
clearText: "secret1234!"
dataSources:
- name: postgres
jndiName: jdbc/postgres
connectionFactory:
driver: org.postgresql.Driver
username: dbuser
url: '${org.infinispan.server.test.postgres.jdbcUrl}'
credentialReference:
store: credentials
alias: dbpasswordLDAP connections
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0">
<security>
<credential-stores>
<credential-store name="credentials"
path="credentials.pfx">
<clear-text-credential clear-text="secret1234!"/>
</credential-store>
</credential-stores>
<security-realms>
<security-realm name="default">
<!-- Specifies the LDAP principal in the connection factory. -->
<ldap-realm name="ldap"
url="ldap://my-ldap-server:10389"
principal="uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org">
<!-- Specifies the credential keystore that contains an encrypted password and the alias for it. -->
<credential-reference store="credentials"
alias="ldappassword"/>
</ldap-realm>
</security-realm>
</security-realms>
</security>
</server>{
"server": {
"security": {
"credential-stores": [{
"name": "credentials",
"path": "credentials.pfx",
"clear-text-credential": {
"clear-text": "secret1234!"
}
}],
"security-realms": [{
"name": "default",
"ldap-realm": {
"name": "ldap",
"url": "ldap://my-ldap-server:10389",
"principal": "uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org",
"credential-reference": {
"store": "credentials",
"alias": "ldappassword"
}
}
}]
}
}
}server:
security:
credentialStores:
- name: credentials
path: credentials.pfx
clearTextCredential:
clearText: "secret1234!"
securityRealms:
- name: "default"
ldapRealm:
name: ldap
url: 'ldap://my-ldap-server:10389'
principal: 'uid=admin,ou=People,dc=infinispan,dc=org'
credentialReference:
store: credentials
alias: ldappassword7. Encrypting cluster transport
Secure cluster transport so that nodes communicate with encrypted messages. You can also configure Infinispan clusters to perform certificate authentication so that only nodes with valid identities can join.
7.1. Securing cluster transport with TLS identities
Add SSL/TLS identities to a Infinispan Server security realm and use them to secure cluster transport. Nodes in the Infinispan Server cluster then exchange SSL/TLS certificates to encrypt JGroups messages, including RELAY messages if you configure cross-site replication.
-
Install a Infinispan Server cluster.
-
Create a TLS keystore that contains a single certificate to identify Infinispan Server.
You can also use a PEM file if it contains a private key in PKCS#1 or PKCS#8 format, a certificate, and has an empty password:
password="".If the certificate in the keystore is not signed by a public certificate authority (CA) then you must also create a trust store that contains either the signing certificate or the public key.
-
Add the keystore to the
$ISPN_HOME/server/confdirectory. -
Add the keystore to a new security realm in your Infinispan Server configuration.
You should create dedicated keystores and security realms so that Infinispan Server endpoints do not use the same security realm as cluster transport.
<server xmlns="urn:infinispan:server:14.0"> <security> <security-realms> <security-realm name="cluster-transport"> <server-identities> <ssl> <!-- Adds a keystore that contains a certificate that provides SSL/TLS identity to encrypt cluster transport. --> <keystore path="server.pfx" relative-to="infinispan.server.config.path" password="secret" alias="server"/> </ssl> </server-identities> </security-realm> </security-realms> </security> </server> -
Configure cluster transport to use the security realm by specifying the name of the security realm with the
server:security-realmattribute.<infinispan> <cache-container> <transport server:security-realm="cluster-transport"/> </cache-container> </infinispan>
When you start Infinispan Server, the following log message indicates that the cluster is using the security realm for cluster transport:
[org.infinispan.SERVER] ISPN080060: SSL Transport using realm <security_realm_name>7.2. JGroups encryption protocols
To secure cluster traffic, you can configure Infinispan nodes to encrypt JGroups message payloads with secret keys.
Infinispan nodes can obtain secret keys from either:
-
The coordinator node (asymmetric encryption).
-
A shared keystore (symmetric encryption).
You configure asymmetric encryption by adding the ASYM_ENCRYPT protocol to a JGroups stack in your Infinispan configuration.
This allows Infinispan clusters to generate and distribute secret keys.
|
When using asymmetric encryption, you should also provide keystores so that nodes can perform certificate authentication and securely exchange secret keys. This protects your cluster from man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks. |
Asymmetric encryption secures cluster traffic as follows:
-
The first node in the Infinispan cluster, the coordinator node, generates a secret key.
-
A joining node performs certificate authentication with the coordinator to mutually verify identity.
-
The joining node requests the secret key from the coordinator node. That request includes the public key for the joining node.
-
The coordinator node encrypts the secret key with the public key and returns it to the joining node.
-
The joining node decrypts and installs the secret key.
-
The node joins the cluster, encrypting and decrypting messages with the secret key.
You configure symmetric encryption by adding the SYM_ENCRYPT protocol to a JGroups stack in your Infinispan configuration.
This allows Infinispan clusters to obtain secret keys from keystores that you provide.
-
Nodes install the secret key from a keystore on the Infinispan classpath at startup.
-
Node join clusters, encrypting and decrypting messages with the secret key.
ASYM_ENCRYPT with certificate authentication provides an additional layer of encryption in comparison with SYM_ENCRYPT.
You provide keystores that encrypt the requests to coordinator nodes for the secret key.
Infinispan automatically generates that secret key and handles cluster traffic, while letting you specify when to generate secret keys.
For example, you can configure clusters to generate new secret keys when nodes leave.
This ensures that nodes cannot bypass certificate authentication and join with old keys.
SYM_ENCRYPT, on the other hand, is faster than ASYM_ENCRYPT because nodes do not need to exchange keys with the cluster coordinator.
A potential drawback to SYM_ENCRYPT is that there is no configuration to automatically generate new secret keys when cluster membership changes.
Users are responsible for generating and distributing the secret keys that nodes use to encrypt cluster traffic.
7.3. Securing cluster transport with asymmetric encryption
Configure Infinispan clusters to generate and distribute secret keys that encrypt JGroups messages.
-
Create a keystore with certificate chains that enables Infinispan to verify node identity.
-
Place the keystore on the classpath for each node in the cluster.
For Infinispan Server, you put the keystore in the $ISPN_HOME directory.
-
Add the
SSL_KEY_EXCHANGEandASYM_ENCRYPTprotocols to a JGroups stack in your Infinispan configuration, as in the following example:<infinispan> <jgroups> <!-- Creates a secure JGroups stack named "encrypt-tcp" that extends the default TCP stack. --> <stack name="encrypt-tcp" extends="tcp"> <!-- Adds a keystore that nodes use to perform certificate authentication. --> <!-- Uses the stack.combine and stack.position attributes to insert SSL_KEY_EXCHANGE into the default TCP stack after VERIFY_SUSPECT2. --> <SSL_KEY_EXCHANGE keystore_name="mykeystore.jks" keystore_password="changeit" stack.combine="INSERT_AFTER" stack.position="VERIFY_SUSPECT2"/> <!-- Configures ASYM_ENCRYPT --> <!-- Uses the stack.combine and stack.position attributes to insert ASYM_ENCRYPT into the default TCP stack before pbcast.NAKACK2. --> <!-- The use_external_key_exchange = "true" attribute configures nodes to use the `SSL_KEY_EXCHANGE` protocol for certificate authentication. --> <ASYM_ENCRYPT asym_keylength="2048" asym_algorithm="RSA" change_key_on_coord_leave = "false" change_key_on_leave = "false" use_external_key_exchange = "true" stack.combine="INSERT_BEFORE" stack.position="pbcast.NAKACK2"/> </stack> </jgroups> <cache-container name="default" statistics="true"> <!-- Configures the cluster to use the JGroups stack. --> <transport cluster="${infinispan.cluster.name}" stack="encrypt-tcp" node-name="${infinispan.node.name:}"/> </cache-container> </infinispan>
When you start your Infinispan cluster, the following log message indicates that the cluster is using the secure JGroups stack:
[org.infinispan.CLUSTER] ISPN000078: Starting JGroups channel cluster with stack <encrypted_stack_name>Infinispan nodes can join the cluster only if they use ASYM_ENCRYPT and can obtain the secret key from the coordinator node.
Otherwise the following message is written to Infinispan logs:
[org.jgroups.protocols.ASYM_ENCRYPT] <hostname>: received message without encrypt header from <hostname>; dropping it7.4. Securing cluster transport with symmetric encryption
Configure Infinispan clusters to encrypt JGroups messages with secret keys from keystores that you provide.
-
Create a keystore that contains a secret key.
-
Place the keystore on the classpath for each node in the cluster.
For Infinispan Server, you put the keystore in the $ISPN_HOME directory.
-
Add the
SYM_ENCRYPTprotocol to a JGroups stack in your Infinispan configuration.
<infinispan>
<jgroups>
<!-- Creates a secure JGroups stack named "encrypt-tcp" that extends the default TCP stack. -->
<stack name="encrypt-tcp" extends="tcp">
<!-- Adds a keystore from which nodes obtain secret keys. -->
<!-- Uses the stack.combine and stack.position attributes to insert SYM_ENCRYPT into the default TCP stack after VERIFY_SUSPECT2. -->
<SYM_ENCRYPT keystore_name="myKeystore.p12"
keystore_type="PKCS12"
store_password="changeit"
key_password="changeit"
alias="myKey"
stack.combine="INSERT_AFTER"
stack.position="VERIFY_SUSPECT2"/>
</stack>
</jgroups>
<cache-container name="default" statistics="true">
<!-- Configures the cluster to use the JGroups stack. -->
<transport cluster="${infinispan.cluster.name}"
stack="encrypt-tcp"
node-name="${infinispan.node.name:}"/>
</cache-container>
</infinispan>When you start your Infinispan cluster, the following log message indicates that the cluster is using the secure JGroups stack:
[org.infinispan.CLUSTER] ISPN000078: Starting JGroups channel cluster with stack <encrypted_stack_name>Infinispan nodes can join the cluster only if they use SYM_ENCRYPT and can obtain the secret key from the shared keystore.
Otherwise the following message is written to Infinispan logs:
[org.jgroups.protocols.SYM_ENCRYPT] <hostname>: received message without encrypt header from <hostname>; dropping it
8. Infinispan ports and protocols
As Infinispan distributes data across your network and can establish connections for external client requests, you should be aware of the ports and protocols that Infinispan uses to handle network traffic.
If run Infinispan as a remote server then you might need to allow remote clients through your firewall. Likewise, you should adjust ports that Infinispan nodes use for cluster communication to prevent conflicts or network issues.
8.1. Infinispan Server ports and protocols
Infinispan Server provides network endpoints that allow client access with different protocols.
| Port | Protocol | Description |
|---|---|---|
|
TCP |
Hot Rod and REST |
|
TCP |
Memcached (disabled by default) |
Single port
Infinispan Server exposes multiple protocols through a single TCP port, 11222.
Handling multiple protocols with a single port simplifies configuration and reduces management complexity when deploying Infinispan clusters.
Using a single port also enhances security by minimizing the attack surface on the network.
Infinispan Server handles HTTP/1.1, HTTP/2, and Hot Rod protocol requests from clients via the single port in different ways.
Client requests can include the HTTP/1.1 upgrade header field to initiate
HTTP/1.1 connections with Infinispan Server.
Client applications can then send the Upgrade: protocol header field, where protocol is a server endpoint.
Client requests include Server Name Indication (SNI) mappings for Infinispan Server endpoints to negotiate protocols over a TLS connection.
|
Applications must use a TLS library that supports the ALPN extension. Infinispan uses WildFly OpenSSL bindings for Java. |
Client requests that include Hot Rod headers automatically route to Hot Rod endpoints.
8.1.1. Configuring network firewalls for Infinispan traffic
Adjust firewall rules to allow traffic between Infinispan Server and client applications.
On Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) workstations, for example, you can allow
traffic to port 11222 with firewalld as follows:
# firewall-cmd --add-port=11222/tcp --permanent
success
# firewall-cmd --list-ports | grep 11222
11222/tcpTo configure firewall rules that apply across a network, you can use the nftables utility.
8.2. TCP and UDP ports for cluster traffic
Infinispan uses the following ports for cluster transport messages:
| Default Port | Protocol | Description |
|---|---|---|
|
TCP/UDP |
JGroups cluster bind port |
|
UDP |
JGroups multicast |
Cross-site replication
Infinispan uses the following ports for the JGroups RELAY2 protocol:
7900-
For Infinispan clusters running on Kubernetes.
7800-
If using UDP for traffic between nodes and TCP for traffic between clusters.
7801-
If using TCP for traffic between nodes and TCP for traffic between clusters.